Buckthorn
Common Buckthorn in late September. Clearly Common Buckthorn because of the dull finish and serrated edges on the leaves (image from University of Minnesota Buckthorn fact sheet).
Buckthorn Identification
Both Common and Glossy Buckthorn are invasive plants prevalent in Falmouth and beyond. Though quite similar, Common and Glossy Buckthorn can be differentiated by slight differences in their leaves. While Glossy Buckthorn grows shiny leaves with smooth edges, Common Buckthorn grows matte leaves with serrated edges. Both shrubs have sub opposite leaves, small white flowers that bloom in May and June, and berries that ripen in late summer and remain throughout the winter. Buckthorn seeds are consumed and spread by mammals and birds. Common Buckthorn is most commonly found in shaded areas like forests, but can also be found in fields, and along roadsides. Glossy Buckthorn is tolerant to full sun, and is also found in fields. Common Buckthorn prefers well drained soils, while Glossy Buckthorn grows in wet environments.
Glossy Buckthorn - easily identifiable because of shiny finish, smooth edges and a higher numbers of striations on Buckthorn leaves (image from University of Minnesota Buckthorn fact sheet).
Buckthorn Removal
Buckthorn is best removed by cutting down to the base of each stem. Herbicide can also be used for spot treating freshly-cut branches in early fall. Buckthorn grows best in shady, forested locations, and can transform into 25’ thickets if not managed properly.
More INfo
To learn more about Buckthorn identification and removal, visit this Maine.gov site.